Ilambu lomgwaqo lelanga lidla amandla angakanani?

Ngokukhulayo, abantu baphendukela emandleni elanga njengendlela eqhubekayo futhi engabizi kakhulu yokukhanyisa imigwaqo emhlabeni jikelele. Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ziyisixazululo esisebenzayo esithembele kumandla we-photovoltaic kunokudweba kusuka kugridi kagesi. Kodwa angakanani amandla asetshenziswa lezi zinhlelo? Futhi hlobo luni lokusebenza abathengi abangalulindela?

Lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi okufundisayo kungena emininingwaneni ebalulekile ezungeze ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhanya komgwaqo welanga kanye nokulindelwe kokusebenza. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uhlole lobu buchwepheshe obukhulayo ngokuningiliziwe!

Izingxenye zeSolar Street Lights

1. I-Panel Solar: Iphaneli yelanga inesibopho sokuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngamaseli e-silicon e-monocrystalline noma e-polycrystalline. Iphaneli ibekwe phezulu kwesigxobo noma esakhiweni esiseceleni sokukhweza, sibheke elangeni ukuze kwandiswe ukumuncwa kwamandla.

2. Isibani se-LED: Isibani se-LED (Light Emitting Diode) siwumthombo wokukhanya oyonga amandla ohlinzeka ngokukhanya okukhanyayo nokungashintshi. Izibani ze-LED ziphila isikhathi eside futhi zisebenzisa amandla amancane uma ziqhathaniswa nezibani zendabuko ezifana nama-incandescent noma ama-CFL.

3. ibhethri: Ibhethri igcina ugesi okhiqizwa yi-solar panel emini. Inika amandla ukukhanya kwe-LED lapho ilanga lishona. Izinhlobo zebhethri ezivamile ezisetshenziswa izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zifaka i-lithium-ion, i-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), namabhethri e-lead-acid.

4. Isilawuli sokushaja: Le ngxenye ilawula inqubo yokushaja nokukhipha ibhethri, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuphelele nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ivimbela ukushajwa ngokweqile noma ukuchithwa okujulile, okungalimaza ibhethri.

5. Inzwa yokukhanya nenzwa yokunyakaza: Inzwa yokukhanya ithola amaleveli okukhanya okuzungezile futhi ikhanyise ngokuzenzakalelayo isibani se-LED kusihlwa futhi icime ekuseni. Ezinye izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga nazo zinezinzwa ezinyakazayo ezikhulisa ukukhanya lapho kutholwa ukunyakaza, zilondoloza amandla uma kungekho msebenzi okhona.

6. I-Pole ne-Mounting Structure: Isigxobo sisekela iphaneli yelanga, ukukhanya kwe-LED, nezinye izingxenye. Ngokuvamile yenziwe ngensimbi, i-aluminium, noma insimbi futhi iza ngobude nemiklamo ehlukahlukene.

Indlela I-Solar Street Lights isebenza ngayo

Emini, iphaneli yelanga imunca ukukhanya kwelanga futhi ikuguqule kube ugesi. Lo gesi ube usugcinwa ebhethrini ngesilawuli sokushaja. Uma ukukhanya kwemini kuncipha, inzwa yokukhanya ithola ushintsho kumazinga okukhanya asendaweni bese ithumela isignali ukuze ikhanyise ukukhanya kwe-LED. Amandla agciniwe ebhethrini anika ukukhanya kwe-LED ubusuku bonke.

Kwezinye izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga, inzwa yokunyakaza ihlanganiswa ukuze konge amandla ngokufiphalisa ukukhanya lapho kungekho mnyakazo otholwayo. Uma inzwa ithola ukunyakaza, ukukhanya kokukhanya kuyakhuphuka ukuze kunikeze ukubonakala okungcono nokuvikeleka.

Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ziyisixazululo esisebenzayo sezindawo ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kugridi kagesi noma lezo ezifuna ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint yazo. Zinikeza ukukhanya okuthembekile ngaphandle kwesidingo sokugenca imisele, izintambo, noma izindleko zikagesi eziphakeme, okuzenza zibe inketho ekhangayo emadolobheni, emiphakathini nasezindaweni ezizimele ngokufanayo.

Izinzuzo zeSolar Street Lights

1. Isondlo Esiphansi

Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane ngenxa yokuklama kwazo okulula nokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezihlala isikhathi eside. Izibani ze-LED zinesikhathi eside sokuphila uma ziqhathaniswa nezibani zendabuko, zinciphisa isidingo sokushintshwa njalo. Ukwengeza, amaphaneli elanga namabhethri aklanyelwe ukumelana nezimo zezulu ezinzima, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki ngokungenelela okuncane.

I-2. Kuqiza kahle

Nakuba ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kwezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga kungase kube phezulu kunezibani zasemgwaqweni ezivamile, kubonisa ukuthi kubiza kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ziqeda isidingo sokugenca, izintambo, nokuxhunywa ku-grid kagesi, okungabiza futhi kudle isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zinezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza njengoba zithembele ekukhanyeni kwelanga, umthombo wamandla wamahhala novuselelekayo, okuholela ekongeni okukhulu ezikweletini zikagesi.

3. Nokunobungane

Izibani zasemgwaqweni ezisebenza ngelanga ziyisixazululo esivumelana nemvelo njengoba zisebenzisa amandla elanga ahlanzekile navuselelekayo, zinciphisa ukuncika emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa. Ngokukhetha ukukhanya okuphehla amandla elanga, amadolobha nemiphakathi ingasebenzela ezinhlosweni zayo zokusimama futhi ibe negalelo ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke.

4. Easy Ukufakwa

Inqubo yokufaka izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ilula futhi ayiphazamisi kangako uma iqhathaniswa nezibani zasemgwaqweni ezivamile. Asikho isidingo sezintambo ezibanzi noma ukuxhunywa kugridi kagesi, okubenza bafanelekele izindawo ezikude noma izindawo lapho ukufinyelela kwegridi kulinganiselwe. Umklamo we-modular wezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga uvumela ukufakwa okusheshayo nokulula, ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka endaweni ezungezile.

5. Ukuphepha Okuthuthukisiwe Nokwethenjelwa

Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga azithintwa ukucisha kukagesi noma ukushintshashintsha kwegridi kagesi, okuqinisekisa ukukhanya okungaguquki kanye nokuphepha okukhulisiwe kwabahamba ngezinyawo nabashayeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile zifaka izinzwa ezinyakazayo ezilungisa ukukhanya ngokusekelwe kumaleveli omsebenzi, ezinikeza ukubonakala okungcono nokuvikeleka ezindaweni zomphakathi.

6. Ukuzimela Kwegridi

Izibani zasemgwaqweni ezisebenza ngokukhanya kwelanga zisebenza ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwegridi kagesi, okuwenza abe yinketho ekahle ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, eziqhelile, noma izindawo ezithandwa yinhlekelele lapho ugesi ungase ungathembeki khona. Lokhu kuzimela kwegridi nakho kuvumela ukulawula okungcono nokuqapha izibani ngazinye, okunomthelela ekuphathweni kwamandla kakhudlwana.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okumaphakathi Kokukhanya Kwe-Solar Street

Ukuze ubale ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele kwesibani somgwaqo welanga, udinga ukucabangela isilinganiso samandla sesibani se-LED kanye nenani lamahora okusebenza. Nansi inkomba yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ekubaleni ingqikithi yamandla asetshenziswayo:

Isinyathelo 1: Thola isilinganiso samandla sesibani se-LEDBheka imininingwane ehlinzekwe ngumkhiqizi mayelana nokugeleza kwesibani se-LED esisetshenziswa ekukhanyeni komgwaqo welanga. Ngokwesibonelo, ake sicabange ukuthi isibani se-LED sinesilinganiso samandla esingama-watts angu-40.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Linganisa inani lamahora okusebenzaNquma ukuthi mangaki amahora ukukhanya kwesitaladi solar kuzosebenza usuku ngalunye. Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngendawo, isizini, nezimfuneko ezithile zokufakwa. Ezimweni eziningi, izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zisebenza ngokwesilinganiso samahora ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12 ubusuku ngabunye. Kulesi sibonelo, ake sicabange ukuthi ukukhanya komgwaqo welanga kusebenza amahora angu-12 ubusuku ngabunye.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Bala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke

Phindaphinda isilinganiso samandla sesibani se-LED (ngamawathi) ngenani lamahora okusebenza ngosuku:

Amandla asetshenziswa nsuku zonke = Isilinganiso samandla sesibani se-LED (watts) x Amahora okusebenza (amahora)
Amandla asetshenziswa nsuku zonke = 40 watts x 12 amahora = 480 watt-amahora (Wh) ngosuku

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Bala inani lamandla asetshenziswayoUkuze uthole isamba sokusetshenziswa kwamandla esikhathini esithile, phinda ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke ngenani lezinsuku. Isibonelo, ukubala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngenyanga eyodwa (izinsuku ezingama-30):

Isamba esisetshenziswa amandla = Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke (Wh) x Inani lezinsuku
Isamba esisetshenziswa amandla = 480 Wh/usuku x izinsuku ezingu-30 = 14,400 watt-amahora (Wh) noma 14.4 kilowatt-amahora (kWh)

Lesi sibalo sihlinzeka ngesilinganiso sengqikithi yamandla asetshenziswa ilambu le-solar street esikhathini esiyinyanga eyodwa. Khumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwangempela kungase kuhluke ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezimo zezulu, ukusebenza kahle kwephaneli yelanga, nokuba khona kwezinzwa ezinyakazayo noma izilawuli zokukhanyisa eziguquguqukayo.

Izibonelo Zezinhlobo Ezihlukene Zezibani Zase-Solar Street kanye Namazinga Awo Okusebenzisa Amandla

Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ziza ngemiklamo ehlukahlukene namazinga okusetshenziswa kwamandla, kuye ngezinto ezifana nokugcwala kwamanzi kwesibani se-LED, umthamo webhethri, nosayizi wephaneli yelanga. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga kanye namazinga azo okusebenzisa amandla:

1. Izibani Zokuhlala Zelanga Ezitaladini (5W – 20W)

Lezi zibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zenzelwe izindawo zokuhlala, izindlela, noma amapaki amancane, futhi ngokuvamile zinenani lokusetshenziswa kwamandla phakathi kwama-watts angu-5 kuya kwangu-20. Banikeza ukukhanya okwanele ngenkathi belondoloza amandla.

Isibonelo: I-15W LED ukukhanya kwesitaladi solar nenani lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lama-watts angu-15.

2. Izibani Zezentengiselwano Ze-Solar Street (20W – 60W)

Izibani zasemgwaqweni zesolar zezentengiselwano zilungele izindawo ezinkulu njengezindawo zokupaka izimoto, imigwaqo emikhulu, nezindawo zomphakathi. Ngokuvamile banesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwamandla esisuka kuma-watts angu-20 ukuya kuma-watts angu-60, enikeza ukukhanya okuphakeme kanye nokufakwa okubanzi.

Isibonelo: I-40W LED ukukhanya kwesitaladi solar nenani lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lama-watts angu-40.

3. Amalambu Anamandla Anamandla ESolar Street (60W – 100W)

Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ezinamandla amakhulu zenzelwe imigwaqo emikhulu, izimpambanomgwaqo ezinkulu, nezinye izindawo ezinabantu abaningi abadinga ukukhanya okunamandla. Lezi zibani ngokuvamile zinezinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla phakathi kwama-watts angu-60 kuya kwangu-100.

Isibonelo: Isibani somgwaqo selanga selanga esingu-80W LED esinezinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lama-watts angu-80.

4. I-Solar Street Lights enezinzwa ezihambayo

Lezi zibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zinezinzwa ezinyakazayo ezilungisa ukukhanya ngokusekelwe kumaleveli omsebenzi, okuzenza zonge amandla futhi zifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lincike emanzini wesibani se-LED kanye nezinga lokulungiswa kokukhanya.

Isibonelo: I-30W LED ukukhanya kwesitaladi solar nenzwa yokunyakaza, edla ama-watts angu-10 ngesikhathi semodi yokukhanya okuphansi kanye nama-watts angu-30 uma ukunyakaza kutholwa.

5. I-All-in-One Solar Street Lights

Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ezihlangene ndawonye zihlanganisa iphaneli yelanga, isibani se-LED, ibhethri, nesilawuli zibe yiyunithi eyodwa, okuzenza zihlangane futhi kube lula ukuzifaka. Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-wattage yesibani se-LED nokusebenza kahle kwezingxenye ezihlanganisiwe.

Isibonelo: I-25W all-in-one light street light enezinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lama-watts angu-25.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kwezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga kuwenza wonge kakhulu kunezibani zasemgwaqweni ezivamile. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga nakho kuwenza abe nobungane bemvelo njengoba engakhiqizi isisi se-carbon, okuwenza alungele ukwehlisa i-carbon footprint ngenkathi ehlinzeka ngokukhanya okusebenzayo. Sekukonke, izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ziyindlela enhle kakhulu yezinhlelo zokukhanyisa ezitaladini zendabuko, futhi zinikeza isisombululo esimeme nesingabizi kakhulu sokukhanyisa izindawo zomphakathi.