Idizayini yokungazweli komoya yobakaki bengxenye yebhethri kanye nepali yesibani.
Ngaphambilini, umngane wayelokhu engibuza mayelana nokumelana komoya nokucindezela kwezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga. Manje singase senze ukubala.
I-Solar Street Lights Kuhlelo lokukhanya emigwaqweni elinozungezilanga, udaba olubalulekile ngokwesakhiwo wumklamo wokumelana nomoya. Idizayini yokumelana komoya ihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu, enye iwumklamo wokumelana komoya wengxenye yebhethri, kanti enye iwumklamo wokumelana komoya weposi lesibani.
Ngokuvumelana nedatha yepharamitha yobuchwepheshe yabakhiqizi bemojuli yebhethri, imojuli yeseli yelanga ingakwazi ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu okungu-2700Pa. Uma i-coefficient yokumelana komoya ikhethwa ukuthi ibe ngu-27m/s (okulingana nesishingishane sezinga eliyishumi), ngokuya ngemishini yoketshezi olungenayo i-viscous, ingcindezi yomoya yokuhlanganisa ibhethri ingu-365Pa kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye ngokwayo ingakwazi ukumelana nesivinini somoya esingu-27m/s ngaphandle kokulimala. Ngakho-ke, ukucatshangelwa okuyinhloko ekwakhiweni ukuxhumana phakathi kukabakaki wokuhlanganisa ibhethri kanye neposi lesibani.
Ekuklanyweni kwesistimu yokukhanya komgwaqo welanga, ukuklama kokuxhumana kobakaki womhlangano webhethri kanye nesibani kuxhunywe ngokuqinile ngenduku ye-bolt.
Idizayini engangeni moya yesibani sasemgwaqweni
Imingcele yokukhanya komgwaqo welanga imi kanje:
I-angeli yokutsheka yephaneli A = 16o ukuphakama kwesigxobo = 5m
Idizayini yomkhiqizi wokukhanya komgwaqo welanga ikhetha ububanzi bomthungo wokushisela ngaphansi kwepali lesibani δ = 4mm kanye nobubanzi obungaphandle bendawo engaphansi kwesibani = 168mm
Ubuso be-weld buwubuso bokubhujiswa kwesibani sesibani. Ibanga ukusuka endaweni yokubala engu-P yomzuzu wokumelana W wendawo yokubhujiswa kwesigxobo sesibani kuya kulayini wesenzo womthwalo wephaneli F etholwe yi-pole yesibani ngu-PQ = [5000+(168+6)/tan16o]×Sin16o = 1545mm=1.545m. Ngakho-ke, umzuzu womthwalo womoya endaweni yokubhujiswa kwesigxobo sesibani M = F × 1.545.
Ngokomklamo omkhulu wesivinini somoya esivunyelwe esingu-27m/s, umthwalo oyisisekelo wephaneli yokukhanya kwelambu yelanga ekabili yomgwaqo engu-2×30W ngu-730N. Uma kucatshangelwa isici sokuphepha se-1.3, F = 1.3×730 = 949N.
Ngakho-ke, M = F × 1.545 = 949 × 1.545 = 1466N.m.
Ngokuvumelana nokutholakala kwezibalo, umzuzu wokumelana nendawo yokuhluleka okuyisiyingi okumise okwendandatho W = π×(3r2δ+3rδ2+δ3).
Kule fomula engenhla, u-r uwububanzi bangaphakathi bendandatho futhi u-δ uwububanzi beringi.
Ukwehluleka ukumelana nomzuzu W = π×(3r2δ+3rδ2+δ3)
=π×(3×842×4+3×84×42+43) = 88768mm3
=88.768×10-6 m3
Ingcindezi ebangelwa amandla omoya asebenza endaweni yokuhluleka = M/W
= 1466/(88.768×10-6) =16.5×106pa =16.5 Mpa<<215Mpa
Phakathi kwazo, i-215 Mpa ingamandla okugoba ensimbi ye-Q235.
Ngakho-ke, ububanzi be-weld seam eklanyelwe futhi ekhethwe ngumkhiqizi wokukhanya komgwaqo welanga ihlangabezana nezidingo. Uma nje ikhwalithi yokushisela ingaqinisekiswa, ukumelana komoya kwesibani akuyona inkinga.
ukukhanya kwelanga kwangaphandle| ukukhanya kwe-solar led |konke ekukhanyeni okukodwa kwelanga
Ulwazi lwesibani somgwaqo
Amahora okusebenza akhethekile ezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga athinteka ezindaweni ezihlukene zokusebenza njengesimo sezulu nemvelo. Impilo yesevisi yamalambu amaningi omgwaqo izothinteka kakhulu. Ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwabasebenzi bethu abafanelekile, kutholwe ukuthi izinguquko emishinini yokonga amalambu emigwaqweni inomphumela omuhle kakhulu futhi zonga ugesi. Ngokusobala, umsebenzi wabasebenzi abalungisa izibani zasemgwaqweni kanye namalambu aphezulu edolobheni lethu wehlile kakhulu.
Isimiso somjikelezo
Njengamanje, imithombo yokukhanyisa emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni ikakhulukazi izibani ze-sodium nezibani ze-mercury. Isifunda esisebenzayo sakhiwe izibani ze-sodium noma ama-mercury bulbs, ama-ballasts e-inductive, nama-trigger kagesi. Isici samandla singu-0.45 lapho i-capacitor yesinxephezelo ingaxhumekile futhi ingu-0.90. Ukusebenza kukonke komthwalo we-inductive. Umgomo wokusebenza walesi silondolozi samandla okukhanya komgwaqo welanga ukuxhuma i-reactor efanelekile ye-AC ochungechungeni kumjikelezo wokuphakelwa kwamandla. Uma i-voltage yegridi ingaphansi kuka-235V, i-reactor ifushane futhi ayisebenzi; lapho i-voltage yegridi ingaphezu kuka-235V, i-reactor ifakwa ekusebenzeni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-voltage yokusebenza yokukhanya komgwaqo welanga ngeke idlule ku-235V.
Isifunda sonke sakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: ukunikezwa kwamandla, ukutholwa kwe-voltage yegridi yamandla kanye nokuqhathanisa, kanye ne-actuator ephumayo. Umdwebo wohlelo lukagesi uboniswa emfanekisweni ongezansi.
Isekhethi yokunikeza amandla okukhanyisa komgwaqo we-solar yakhiwe ngama-transformer T1, ama-diode D1 kuya ku-D4, isilawuli se-Threminal U1 (7812) nezinye izingxenye, kanye nemiphumela engu-+12V voltage ukunika amandla isifunda sokulawula.
Ukutholwa nokuqhathaniswa kwamandla kagesi wegridi yamandla kwakhiwa izingxenye ezifana ne-op-amp U3 (LM324) ne-U2 (TL431). I-voltage yegridi yehliswa yi-resistor R9, i-D5 ilungiswe ngamagagasi uhhafu. I-C5 iyahlungwa, futhi i-voltage ye-DC engaba ngu-7V itholwa njengevoltheji yokuthola isampula. I-voltage etholwayo eyisampula ihlungwa yisihlungi se-low-pass esakhiwe i-U3B (LM324) futhi ithunyelwe kusiqhathanisi U3D (LM324) ukuze siqhathanise ne-voltage yereferensi. I-voltage eyireferensi yesiqhanisi inikezwa umthombo wereferensi we-voltage U2 (TL431). I-Potentiometer VR1 isetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-amplitude ye-voltage yokuthola isampula, futhi i-VR2 isetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-voltage eyireferensi.
I-actuator ephumayo yenziwe ngama-relay RL1 kanye ne-RL3, i-high-current aviation contactor RL2, AC reactor L1 njalonjalo. Lapho i-voltage yegridi ingaphansi kuka-235V, isiqhathanisi se-U3D sikhipha izinga eliphansi, i-T1-tube Q1 icishiwe, i-relay RL2 iyakhululwa, ukuthintana kwayo ngokuvamile kuvalwe kuxhunywe kumjikelezo wokuphakelwa kwamandla we-contactor yendiza RL2, RL1 iyakhangwa, futhi i-reactor L235 ine-circuited emfushane Ayisebenzi; lapho i-voltage yegridi ingaphezu kuka-3V, isiqhathanisi se-U1D sikhipha izinga eliphezulu, i-Q1 enamashubhu amathathu ivuliwe, i-relay RL2 idonsela ngaphakathi, ukuthintana kwayo okuvamise ukuvaleka kunqamule isekethe yokuphakelwa kwamandla yesixhumi sendiza i-RL2, futhi i-RLXNUMX khululiwe.
I-Reactor L1 ixhunywe kumjikelezo wokuphakelwa kwamandla okukhanya kokukhanya komgwaqo welanga, futhi amandla kagesi egridi aphezulu ngokweqile ayingxenye yawo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-voltage yokusebenza yesibani somgwaqo welanga ngeke idlule ku-235V. I-LED1 isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa isimo sokusebenza se-relay RL1. I-LED2 isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa isimo sokusebenza se-contactor yendiza i-RL2, futhi i-varistor MY1 isetshenziselwa ukucisha othintana naye.
Indima ye-RL3 edluliselwe ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesixhumi sendiza noma i-RL2, ngoba ukumelana nekhoyili yokuqalisa kwe-RL2 kungu-4Ω kuphela, futhi ukumelana kwekhoyili kugcinwa cishe ku-70Ω. Uma i-DC 24V yengezwa, isiqalo samanje singu-6A, kanti esamanje sokulungisa sikhulu kuno-300mA. I-relay RL3 ishintsha i-voltage yekhoyili yendiza ye-RL2 ethintana naye inciphisa amandla okubambile.
Umgomo uthi: uma i-RL2 iqala, ishodi yayo yokusiza evamise ukuvalwa ikhoyili ye-relay RL3, i-RL3 iyakhululwa, bese kuthintwa ovamise ukuvaleka uxhuma itheminali yamandla kagesi aphezulu engu-28V ye-transformer T1 nokokufaka kwe-RL2 kwesilungisa ibhuloho; ngemva kokuthi i-RL2 iqalile, Othintana naye oyisizayo ovalekile uyavulwa, futhi i-RL3 edluliselwe ikhangwa ngogesi. Ukuthintana okuvamise ukuvuleka kuxhuma itheminali kagesi ephansi engu-14V ye-transformer T1 endaweni yokufaka yokulungiswa kabusha kwebhuloho engu-RL2 futhi igcine usonkontileka wendiza eno-50% wesimo sokudonsa sekhoyili sokuqala esingu-RL2.
Okuqukethwe